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Scope

  • The Universal Agent is frequently running in the system account or a service account and will execute jobs within the context and permission of this account.
  • Running a job as a different user includes to login as that user, optionally load the user profile and execute commands in this context.
  • User switching applies to
    • All job types (standalone jobs and job chain jobs)
    • Shell Jobs
    • API jobs in any of the supported languages
    • Pre-processing and post-processing Monitors
  • This article applies to the Universal Agent for Windows only. For Unix environments there is no need for scheduler based user switching as the built-in sudo and su capabilities provide this functionality.

Introduction

  • For user switching the Agent has to be operated for a user account or service account, not for the system account.
  • The credentials of the target user for which a job should be executed are not stored with JobScheduler configuration data. Instead the user account that runs the JobScheduler Windows Service stores credentials with the Windows Credential Manager. When a job should be executed then the JobScheduler Agent reads the credentials from the Windows Credential Manager. Reading credentials that have previously been stored using the same account works without the need to specify a password. Therefore the solution is free from use of passwords.
  • A login is performed with the target user credentials and the user's environment is active when executing the job.

Credential Manager

The Windows Credential Manager is accessible via its

  • Graphical User Interface  
  • Command Line Interface: cmdkey
  • API: the API is used by the JobScheduler Agent

Manage credentials with the Graphical User Interface

  • Open the Credential Manager GUI from the JobScheduler Agent account.
    • English: Control Panel -> Credential Manager
    • German: Systemsteuerung -> Anmeldeinformationsverwaltung
  • Select the Credential Type Windows Authentication -> Generic
    • Add a generic credential information for a target user with the following input fields: 
      • Intenet or network address
        • For use with JobScheduler this field holds the "target name" of the credentials. 
        • You are free to use any characters to specify a unique identifier for the credentials.
      • User name
        • The account for the target user can be specified by Unicode characters and digits including space, comma,  _, -, \ and @
        • For domain users specify the user principal name (UPN) in the format username@DOMAIN
          • The format DOMAIN\username is not supported
      • Password
    • Your input screen should look like this:

Manage credentials with the Command Line Interface

  • Open a Windows console window (cmd.exe) for the JobScheduler Agent account.

  • Use the following commands to add credentials for a target user:

    Adding credentials with the cmdkey.exe utility
     # Add credentials for a local user 
cmdkey /generic:test-target /user:JOBUSER /pass:PASSWORD 
 
# Add credentials for a domain user 
cmdkey /generic:test-target /user:JOBUSER@DOMAIN /pass:PASSWORD 
 
# Show a list of all credentials 
cmdkey /list

Permissions

Permissions are required for the JobScheduler Agent account and for the target user of a job.

  • To manage permissions switch to 
    • English: Control panel -> Administrative Tools -> Local Security Policy -> Local Policies -> User Rights Assignment
    • German: Systemsteuerung -> Verwaltung -> Lokale Sicherheitsrichlinie -> Lokale Richtlinien -> Zuweisen von Benutzerrechten
  • Then right-click the permission and use the Properties -> Add user or group action to add the respective Agent account or target user as explained for the below permissions.
  • Just in case that you want to dig into details find references about the constants that are used for privileges from the following links:

Permissions for the Agent Account

Apply the following permissions for the account that the Agent is running for:

  • Permission: SE_ASSIGNPRIMARYTOKEN_NAME
    • English: Replace a process-level token
    • German: Ersetzen eines Tokens auf Prozessebene
  • Permission: SE_INCREASE_QUOTA_NAME
    • English: Adjust memory quotas for a process 
    • German: Anpassen von Speicherkontingenten für einen Prozess

Load target user profile

If the profile of the target user should be loaded then the Agent account requires the Administrator role, see LoadUserProfile, and the following permissions:

  • Permission: SE_BACKUP_NAME
    • English: Back up files and directories 
    • German: Sichern von Dateien und Verzeichnissen
  • Permission: SE_RESTORE_NAME
    • English: Restore files and directories
    • German: Wiederherstellen von Dateien und Verzeichnissen

Hints

Restart the JobScheduler Agent Windows Service in order to apply changes to roles and permissions.

Permissions for the Target User

Assign the following permissions for the target user of the job:

  • Permission: SE_BATCH_LOGON_NAME
    • English: Log on as a batch job 
    • German: Anmelden als Stapelverarbeitungsauftrag

Error Messages

This chapter is intended to explain common error messages and pitfalls. Find a complete reference from System Error Codes.

Credential Manager

Error Code: WINDOWS-1168

English: WINDOWS-1168
Windows Credential Manager does not return an entry named 'MyCredentialsKey': WINDOWS-1168 (CredRead) Element not found.

 

German: WINDOWS-1168
Windows Credential Manager does not return an entry named 'MyCredentialsKey': WINDOWS-1168 (CredRead) Element nicht gefunden.

 

This error message tells you that the credentials key that you added to the job configuration does not match to a respective entry with the Crendential Manager. Possible reasons include wrong spelling or the fact that the credentials have not been added by the Agent account but some different account.

Icacls

Error Code: COM-80020009

English
COM-80020009 java.lang.RuntimeException: Windows command failed: C:\Windows\System32\icacls.exe => JOBUSER: No mapping between account names and security IDs was done.
German 
COM-80020009 java.lang.RuntimeException: Windows command failed: C:\Windows\System32\icacls.exe => JOBUSER: Zuordnungen von Kontennamen und Sicherheitskennungen wurden nicht durchgeführt.

 

A wrong username has been specfied for the target user with the Credential Manager. You can use the runas command line utility  to check valid usernames.

Error when performing a logon for a target user

Error Code: WINDOWS-1326

English: WINDOWS-1326
WINDOWS-1326 (LogonUser) Logon failure: The user name or password is incorrect.
German: WINDOWS-1326 
WINDOWS-1326 (LogonUser) Anmeldung fehlgeschlagen: unbekannter Benutzername oder falsches Kennwort.

 

Job-User Credentials im Creadentials Store sind falsch.

Eigentlich es kann nur das Kennwort falsch sein, weil im Schritt davor (icacls) der Benutzername bereits akzeptiert wurde (icacls wirft eine Exception, wenn der Benutzername nicht bekannt ist).

Oder man verwendet bei einem Domain Benutzer die falsche Syntax DOMAIN\username statt username@DOMAIN - icacls kann mit DOMAIN\username umgehen, JobScheduler LogonUsernicht (nur username@DOMAIN).

Prüfen z.B. mit runas oder CMD als dieser Benutzer ausführen

Error Code: WINDOWS-1385

English: WINDOWS-1385
WINDOWS-1385 (LogonUser) Logon failure: the user has not been granted the requested logon type at this computer.
German: WINDOWS-1385 
WINDOWS-1385 (LogonUser) Anmeldung fehlgeschlagen: Der Benutzer besitzt nicht den benötigten Anmeldetyp auf diesem Computer.
The target user for the job is not assigned the following permissions:
  • Permission: SE_BATCH_LOGON_NAME
    • English: Log on as a batch job 
    • German: Anmelden als Stapelverarbeitungsauftrag

Errors when loading a user profile

Error Code: WINDOWS-1314

English: WINDOWS-1314
WINDOWS-1314 (LoadUserProfile) A required privilege is not held by the client.
German: WINDOWS-1314
WINDOWS-1314 (LoadUserProfile) Dem Client fehlt ein erforderliches Recht.

 

The Agent account are not assigned the following permissions: 

  • Permission: SE_BACKUP_NAME

    • English: Back up files and directories
    • German: Sichern von Dateien und Verzeichnissen

  • Permission: SE_RESTORE_NAME

    • English: Restore files and directories
    • German: Wiederherstellen von Dateien und Verzeichnissen

Error Code: WINDOWS-5

English: WINDOWS-5

WINDOWS-5 (LoadUserProfile) Access is denied

German: WINDOWS-5

WINDOWS-5 (LoadUserProfile) Zugriff verweigert

 

  • The job  is configured to load the target user profile but the Agent account is not assigned the Administrator role. 

  • This role is required for the Agent acount if the target user profile should be loaded.

Logging related errors

Error Message: Access is denied

jobscheduler_agent_<port>.log (Access is denied)
[info] SCHEDULER-726 Task runs on remote scheduler http://localhost:5445
[info] SCHEDULER-918 state=starting (at=2017-08-02 15:00:47.803+0200)
[info] [stderr] log4j:ERROR setFile(null,true) call failed.
[info] [stderr] java.io.FileNotFoundException: <agent_data>\logs\jobscheduler_agent_<port>.log (Access is denied)
[info] [stderr] at java.io.FileOutputStream.open0(Native Method)
[info] [stderr] at java.io.FileOutputStream.open(Unknown Source)
[info] [stderr] at java.io.FileOutputStream.<init>(Unknown Source)
[info] [stderr] at java.io.FileOutputStream.<init>(Unknown Source)
[info] [stderr] at org.apache.log4j.FileAppender.setFile(FileAppender.java:294)
[info] [stderr] at org.apache.log4j.FileAppender.activateOptions(FileAppender.java:165)
[info] [stderr] at org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender.activateOptions(DailyRollingFileAppender.java:223)
[info] [stderr] at org.apache.log4j.config.PropertySetter.activate(PropertySetter.java:307)
[info] [stderr] at org.apache.log4j.xml.DOMConfigurator.parseAppender(DOMConfigurator.java:295)
[info] [stderr] at org.apache.log4j.xml.DOMConfigurator.findAppenderByName(DOMConfigurator.java:176)
[info] [stderr] at org.apache.log4j.xml.DOMConfigurator.findAppenderByReference(DOMConfigurator.java:191)
[info] [stderr] at org.apache.log4j.xml.DOMConfigurator.parseChildrenOfLoggerElement(DOMConfigurator.java:523)
[info] [stderr] at org.apache.log4j.xml.DOMConfigurator.parseCategory(DOMConfigurator.java:436)
[info] [stderr] at org.apache.log4j.xml.DOMConfigurator.parse(DOMConfigurator.java:1004)
[info] [stderr] at org.apache.log4j.xml.DOMConfigurator.doConfigure(DOMConfigurator.java:872)
[info] [stderr] at org.apache.log4j.xml.DOMConfigurator.doConfigure(DOMConfigurator.java:778)
[info] [stderr] at org.apache.log4j.helpers.OptionConverter.selectAndConfigure(OptionConverter.java:483)
[info] [stderr] at org.apache.log4j.LogManager.<clinit>(LogManager.java:127)
[info] [stderr] at org.slf4j.impl.Log4jLoggerFactory.getLogger(Log4jLoggerFactory.java:64)
[info] [stderr] at org.slf4j.LoggerFactory.getLogger(LoggerFactory.java:285)
[info] [stderr] at com.sos.scheduler.engine.common.scalautil.Logger$.apply(Logger.scala:104)
[info] [stderr] at com.sos.scheduler.engine.taskserver.TaskServerMain$.<init>(TaskServerMain.scala:22)
[info] [stderr] at com.sos.scheduler.engine.taskserver.TaskServerMain$.<clinit>(TaskServerMain.scala)
[info] [stderr] at com.sos.scheduler.engine.taskserver.TaskServerMain.main(TaskServerMain.scala)
[info] [stderr] log4j:ERROR Either File or DatePattern options are not set for appender [file].

 

  • jobscheduler_agent_<port>.log - die Berechtigungen für den Job-User müssen für diese Datei manuell gesetzt werden (Lesen, Schreiben)


 

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